OTAA stands for Over The Air Authentication. With this method the LoPy sends a Join request to the LoRaWAN Gateway using the APPEUI and APPKEY provided. If the keys are correct the Gateway will reply to the LoPy with a join accept message and from that point on the LoPy is able to send and receive packets to/from the Gateway. If the keys are incorrect no response will be received and the has_joined() method will always return False.
The example below attempts to get any data received after sending the frame. Keep in mind that the Gateway might not be sending any data back, therefore we make the socket non-blocking before attempting to receive, in order to prevent getting stuck waiting for a packet that will never arrive.
from network import LoRaimport socketimport timeimport ubinascii# Initialise LoRa in LORAWAN mode.# Please pick the region that matches where you are using the device:# Asia = LoRa.AS923# Australia = LoRa.AU915# Europe = LoRa.EU868# United States = LoRa.US915lora =LoRa(mode=LoRa.LORAWAN, region=LoRa.EU868)# create an OTAA authentication parametersapp_eui = ubinascii.unhexlify('ADA4DAE3AC12676B')app_key = ubinascii.unhexlify('11B0282A189B75B0B4D2D8C7FA38548B')# join a network using OTAA (Over the Air Activation)lora.join(activation=LoRa.OTAA, auth=(app_eui, app_key), timeout=0)# wait until the module has joined the networkwhilenot lora.has_joined(): time.sleep(2.5)print('Not yet joined...')# create a LoRa sockets = socket.socket(socket.AF_LORA, socket.SOCK_RAW)# set the LoRaWAN data rates.setsockopt(socket.SOL_LORA, socket.SO_DR, 5)# make the socket blocking# (waits for the data to be sent and for the 2 receive windows to expire)s.setblocking(True)# send some datas.send(bytes([0x01, 0x02, 0x03]))# make the socket non-blocking# (because if there's no data received it will block forever...)s.setblocking(False)# get any data received (if any...)data = s.recv(64)print(data)